Global Injustice and Crime Control by Wendy Laverick

Author:Wendy Laverick [Laverick, Wendy]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: International Relations, Criminology, Social Science, Political Science, General
ISBN: 9781317576778
Google: 1o6PCwAAQBAJ
Goodreads: 29107580
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2013-04-26T00:00:00+00:00

Part III

Analysis of major international and transnational crimes

6 Genocide and the responsibility to protect

In the first chapter, readers were introduced to the concept of globalisation. Drawing upon the work of Andreas and Nadelmann (2006), evidence regarding the existence of what has been termed ‘the standard view of globalisation’ was identified within security strategy documentation, also reflecting the presence of a recently altered and expanded notion of security which has moved beyond consideration of state-to-state warfare to include a range of environmental, criminal and developmental threats to nations, regions and international society. This security narrative describes contemporary globalising trends and associated social transformations as facilitating opportunities for crime and terrorism, triggering corresponding law enforcement efforts to counter the threats posed by increasing global independence, technological advancements and population mobility. As revealed in Chapter 3, arguments regarding the temporal frame, the direction and consequences of these developments remain contentious. To reiterate the argument, it has been noted that several academic commentators, and the official discourse employed by the US, UK, EU and UN suggest that the acceleration of transnational law enforcement efforts remains a necessary reaction to increased security threats faced by individual nation-states, regional bodies and internationally. Others, however, present a more ominous picture, in which law enforcement influence and penetration are alternatively conceived as strategic tools of global domination, control and/or imperialism, reflecting power politics and political manoeuvrings within contemporary international relations.

Within the preceding chapters, it has been argued that the theoretical position adopted has implications for projections regarding the prospects of success of current policy and strategy to counter cross-border crime and terrorism. As will be seen in this chapter, these debates emerge once again in relation to international crime with evidence of reliance upon modernisation and liberal approaches which advocate political, legislative and institutional reform, alongside enhanced cooperation and harmonisation, as methods of closing the gap between criminal opportunities and criminal justice responses in the current period of social transformation (whether conceived as processes of modernisation or as globalisation). Marxist informed World Systems Theorists and realist approaches question the progressive optimism of the former perspectives, directing attention to the inherent contradictions and tensions within the contemporary global political and economic system, and the irreconcilable difficulties posed by issues of power, fear, and finite resources within a world order characterised by anarchy (namely, the absence of an overall global authority).

This chapter will introduce students to the emotive issue of genocide and consider the adequacy of international efforts to prevent instances of mass murder and systematic rape committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group. The chapter will commence with a brief discussion of humanitarian intervention and human rights before moving on to consider the recent development of an international norm known as ‘the Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P). Engaging with earlier theoretical insights, changes to the early conceptualisation of R2P will be discussed, barriers to successful intervention and encouraging developments highlighted. Reflecting upon continuing challenges facing international society and diverging theoretical

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.